1 2 3 James R. Arnold, Roberta Wiener, American Civil War: The Essential Reference Guide, trang 223
1 2 Mary Beth Norton, Carol Sheriff, David W. Blight, Howard P. Chudacoff, Fredrik Logevall, A People and a Nation, Volume I: A History of the United States: To 1877, các trang 411-414.
1 2 Christopher Waldrep, Vicksburg's long shadow: the Civil War legacy of race and remembrance, các trang XI-XVI.
↑ Edward L. Ayers, Lewis L. Gould, David M. Oshinsky, Jean R. Soderlund, American Passages: A History of the United States, Volume 1: To 1877, Brief, các trang 324-327.
1 2 3 4 David M. Kennedy, Lizabeth Cohen, Thomas A. Bailey, The American Pageant, Volume I: A History of the American People: To 1877, Tập 1, trang 496
1 2 3 4 Gary W. Gallagher, Lee and His Generals in War and Memory, trang 253
↑ Mark E. Neely, Harold Holzer, The Union image: popular prints of the Civil War North, trang 208
↑ Mark E. Neely, Harold Holzer, The Union image: popular prints of the Civil War North, trang 162
1 2 Wilmer Jones, Generals in Blue and Gray: Volume One; Lincoln's Generals, trang 173
↑ Gina DeAngelis, The Battle of Gettysburg: Turning Point of the Civil War, các trang 33-36.
↑ Stephen E. Ambrose, Duty, honor, country: a history of West Point, trang 186
1 2 3 Alan Hankinson, Vicksburg 1863: Grant clears the Mississippi, trang 68
↑ A. E. Elmore, Lincoln's Gettysburg address: echoes of the Bible and Book of Common Prayer, trang 219
↑ Stanley Sandler, Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia, Tập 1, các trang 924-925.
↑ William McKnight, Do they miss me at home?: the Civil War letters of William McKnight, Seventh Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, trang 233
